Language
and Culture of Tanzania
LANGUAGE |
Swahili
is the official language of Tanzania. It is used in primary
education. English is the second official language and the
Tanzania's commercial language as well as the main teaching
language for all scientific subjects in secondary schools
and higher education institutions.
There are several Swahili dialects, but standard spoken Swahili
is based on the language of Zanzibar town. Written Swahili
is based on the language spoken on the east African coast.
Arabic is widely spoken in the coastal areas, particularly
in Zanzibar. |
| Useful
KiSwahili greetings: |
| Greeting
(to locals) |
Habari
gani |
| Greeting
(to foreigner) |
Jambo,
shikamuu |
| Thank
you (correct reply to greeting) |
Marahaba
|
| Thank
you |
Asante |
| Goodbye
/ We'll see you |
Kwaheri
/ Tutaonana |
| You
are welcome, come in |
Karibu |
| |
| CULTURE |
Tanzania
has an harmonious national culture, one that is based on a
subtle but strong social code of courtesy and respect. Tanzania's
culture is a result of African, Arab, European and Indian
influences. The African people of Tanzania represent about
120 tribal groups. The largest groups are of Bantu origin,
including Dukuma, Nyamwezi, Makonde, Haya and Chagga. The
Maasai are of Nilotic origin, as are the Arusha and the Samburu.
Tanzania is one of the least urbanised countries in sub-Saharan
Africa, but traditional African ideals are being deliberately
adapted to modern life. The Tanzanians are friendly to foreigners
and amongst themselves. Politeness, respect and modesty are
also highly valued, so it would be very helpful to learn some
Swahili greetings before visiting. Take the time to greet
people before you ask them for directions.
Handshakes are very important in social etiquette. Tanzanians
frequently continue holding hands throughout a conversation.
Note that the right hand is usually used for eating, while
the left is traditionally used for toilet duties - you should
try not to pass items to others with your left hand. When
receiving items from others, do so with both hands, or with
the right hand while touching the left hand to your right
elbow.
Immodest attire, public affection and open anger are disrespectful
to the Tanzanian people. In Zanzibar, it is important for
women to dress modestly out of respect for Muslim cultural
beliefs. Men should not wear shorts on the main island, and
women should wear dresses that cover their shoulders and knees.
This does not apply on Mnemba Island. |
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